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PCs & laptops
2025
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Summary

A one-stop guide to making the most of your desktop PC or laptop computer

PCs and Laptops For Dummies is the essential user's guide to the features your PC or laptop has to offer--and how to use them successfully. With this book as your coach, you can jump over technological hurdles with ease, navigating the hardware and software of your personal computer. Regardless of what brand of computer you use, you'll learn to navigate the latest version of Windows. You'll also explore how PCs, laptops, and other mobile devices can be used together, and how to keep your data secure. This Dummies guide is your first step toward computer-whiz status, saving you time and energy with everything in one place.

Learn about Microsoft Windows, the operating system for PC and laptop Discover PC and laptop features you never knew about, and get your devices to play nicely together Identify the specs and features you need, so you can purchase a computer that's a fit for you Get easy-to-understand information, advice, and tricks at your fingertips

This is the perfect Dummies guide for PC or laptop users at home or at work who need a go-to guide for their hardware and software questions.

Table of Contents
Introduction1
About This Book1
Foolish Assumptions2
Where to Start2
Conventions Used in This Book3
Icons Used in This Book4
Where to Go from Here5
Part 1Hello, Computer!7
Chapter 1Computer 1019
The Fast Idiot10
What a computer does10
Hardware and software11
Doubtless, You Have Some Questions11
"What is a PC?"12
"Do I need a laptop?"12
"Can you be more specific?"12
"Why not just use a tablet or smartphone instead of a computer?"12
"Seriously, can a computer explode?"13
Buy That Computer!13
Step 1: Determine what you want the computer to do14
Step 2: Choosing between a desktop and a laptop14
Step 3: Calculate how much hardware you need15
Step 4: Locate service and support15
Step 5: Buy it!16
What to Do with Old Computers16
Disposing of a geezer desktop PC16
Discarding that old laptop17
A Final Thing to Remember17
Chapter 2The PC Tour19
The Many Shapes of PC19
Around the Desktop PC21
Exploring a typical computer system21
Finding interesting things on the box's front23
Stuff found on a desktop PCs rump24
The I/O panel26
Laptop Exploration27
Chapter 3Setup, Connections, and Power31
Desktop PC Assembly31
Finding a place for the computer box32
Setting the monitor32
Laptop Setup33
The Plug-In Guide35
Plugging in the monitor36
Attaching the keyboard and mouse to a desktop PC37
Connecting to a wired network38
Hooking up a printer38
Adding audio stuff38
It Must Have Power39
Plugging everything into a power strip39
Taking advantage of a UPS41
Using the UPS (a short play)43
Chapter 4To Turn On a Computer45
Turn On the Computer45
Powering on a desktop PC45
Turning on a laptop46
Here Comes Windows47
Identifying yourself48
Staring at the desktop49
Working the taskbar50
Accessing the Start menu51
Settings and Controls52
Summoning the Action Center52
Using the Settings app53
Visiting the Control Panel55
Chapter 5To Turn Off a Computer57
Goodnight, Computer57
Finding the Windows power options58
Putting the computer to sleep60
Hibernating the computer51
Shutting down the computer62
Restarting the PC63
Locking Windows63
Signing out of Windows54
Switching to another user64
Shutdown Options and Configuration65
Setting the power button's function65
Determining what happens when you shut a laptop's lid67
Should You Leave the Computer On All the Time?68
"I want to leave my computer off all the time"68
"I want to leave my computer on all the time"68
Keeping a laptop on all the time69
Part 2A Non-Nerdy Guide to Computer Hardware71
Chapter 6A Peek Inside the Box73
Computer Guts73
Looking under the hood74
Powering Mr. Computer75
Lurking on the motherboard76
Storing mass storage devices77
The Processor Rules the Motherboard78
Understanding the processor's role78
Naming PC processors79
Measuring processor speed79
Discovering your PC's processor79
Your Computer Is Also a Timepiece81
Chapter 7Computer Memory83
Random Access Memory83
One Byte at a Time85
Memory Chips and Dips87
Memory Q&A88
"How much memory is in my PC right now?"88
"Do I have enough memory?"89
"Does my PC have enough memory?"89
"Can I test whether my PC has enough memory?"89
"Can I add memory to my computer?"90
"Will the computer ever run out of memory?"90
"What is virtual memory?"90
"What is video memory?"91
Chapter 8Disks and Drives93
The Mass Storage System93
Reviewing mass storage types95
Measuring mass storage96
Connecting mass storage96
Removable Media97
Adding storage97
Ejecting storage media98
Unmounting an external drive100
Mass Storage Alphabet Soup101
Handing out drive letters101
Exploring drive icons and names104
Checking drive capacity104
Using mass storage106
Chapter 9The PCs Graphics System107
Graphical Guts107
Discovering the display adapter109
Attaching the monitor110
The Monitor, the Screen, the Display111
Classifying monitor types112
Measuring a monitor112
Reading monitor messages114
Working the monitor's controls114
Windows Controls What You See115
Setting monitor resolution115
Adding more monitors116
Orienting a monitor118
Chapter 10Input This!121
Meet Mr. Keyboard121
Attaching a keyboard121
Examining the typical PC keyboard122
Reviewing laptop keyboard layout124
Controlling keyboard behavior keys126
Finding the laptop's secret numeric keypad126
The Pointing Device128
Connecting a pointing device129
Reviewing basic mouse parts129
Moving the mouse131
Using a touchpad131
Wielding a digital pen132
Changing pointing device settings134
Touchscreen Input135
Reviewing touchscreen techniques136
Typing on a touchscreen137
Voice Input138
Chapter 11System Expansion141
The Versatile USB Port141
Reviewing USB standards - and colors142
Knowing the USB cable connector varieties143
Adding and removing USB peripherals144
Using hubs to expand the USB universe145
Working with USB-powered gizmos146
Expansion Slots146
Shopping for expansion cards147
Installing an expansion card147
Wireless Connections with Bluetooth148
Accessing Bluetooth controls149
Pairing a Bluetooth peripheral150
Unpairing a Bluetooth device152
The Laptop Becomes a Desktop152
Using a full-size keyboard and mouse152
Adding a monitor153
Running the laptop with its lid closed154
Chapter 12P Is for Printer155
Step Aside, Gutenberg155
Surveying the printer landscape156
Touring the typical printer156
Drinking ink157
Eating paper158
Choosing the proper paper159
The Union of Printer and PC160
Connecting the printer160
Finding printers in Windows161
Adding a printer manually162
Setting the default printer163
Printer Operation164
Printing a wonderful whatever164
Printing when you don't have a printer165
Stopping a printer run amok166
Chapter 13Webcams, Scanners, and Audio167
The Computer Is Watching You168
Obtaining a webcam168
Attaching the webcam169
Securing the webcam169
The Document Scanner170
Computer Goes Beep171
Setting up speakers172
Using headphones174
Configuring the speakers in Windows174
Shhh - It's Listening to You!176
Exploring microphone options and connections176
Configuring the microphone177
Securing the microphone177
Part 3Network and Internet Stuff179
Chapter 14The Networking Thing181
The Big Networking Picture181
Make the Network Connection185
Connecting to a wired network185
Accessing a Wi-Fi network186
Connecting to a hidden Wi-Fi network187
Checking and setting the network type188
Break the Network Connection189
Disconnecting from a wired network190
Releasing the Wi-Fi connection190
Forgetting a Wi-Fi connection191
Chapter 15The Internet193
What Is the Internet?193
Internet Access194
It's a World Wide Web We Weave195
Finding another web browser195
Browsing tips196
Going undercover on the web196
Searching-the-web tips198
Stealing an image from a web page198
Copying text from a web page199
Printing web pages199
Sharing a web page200
Email Messages200
Using an email program201
Configuring email201
Chapter 16Files from Elsewhere203
Files Lurking on the Local Network203
Activating Network Discovery204
Accessing a network folder206
Mapping a shared folder206
Sharing a folder208
Cloud Storage Synchronization209
Understanding cloud storage209
Exploring cloud storage options210
Integrating cloud storage211
Sharing a file from cloud storage212
Chapter 17Internet Safety215
Behind the Firewall216
Finding the firewall216
Dealing with a firewall warning217
Beware the Bogus Website218
Checking the website's security218
Avoiding a phishing attack220
Part 4On the go with Your Laptop223
Chapter 18Portable Power225
The Battery Will Get a Charge Out of This!226
Using the battery (or not)226
Monitoring the battery227
Charging the battery229
Replacing the battery230
When the Power Gets Low230
Setting low-battery warnings230
Using the Battery Saver233
Reviewing the power management plan234
Chapter 19O, the Places You'll Go235
In the Bag236
Features to look for236
Things to pack in your laptop bag237
Flying with Your Laptop238
Things to do before you leave238
Laptop inspection238
All aboard!239
Air power240
Airplane mode240
In-flight Wi-Fi241
Arriving at your destination241
Café Computing242
Find a good seat242
Other tips 'n' stuff243
In a Hotel Room243
Mind the Laptop's Temperature244
Chapter 20A More Secure Laptop245
The Hot Laptop245
Before Your Laptop Is Stolen246
Attaching the laptop to something sturdy246
Marking your laptop247
Registering the laptop and its software247
Paying attention to your environment248
Protect Your Data with a Strong Password248
The Laptop Reset250
Part 5Security and Maintenance253
Chapter 21System Security255
The Windows Security Center255
The Malware Scourge258
Doing a virus scan259
Dealing with a quarantined file260
Paying attention to the UAC warnings261
Keep Windows Up-to-Date262
Checking the update status262
Postponing a Windows update263
Exploring other updates and upgrades264
Your Privacy265
Locking the screen255
Reviewing Windows privacy settings266
Chapter 22An All-Important Safety Copy267
Back Up Your Data268
Obtaining backup storage268
Configuring File History269
Checking the backup schedule270
Using cloud backup271
The Restore Operation272
Restoring an older version272
Restoring more than a single file274
Chapter 23Maintenance Chores277
Mass Storage Duties278
Checking storage278
Freeing storage space278
Checking for errors281
Running defrag282
Network Troubleshooting284
The Windows Do-Over285
General Cleaning286
Keeping it clean286
Vacuuming the keyboard287
Cleansing the screen287
Part 6The Part of Tens289
Chapter 24Ten Computer Commandments291
IThou Shalt Not Fear Thy PC291
IIThou Shalt Save Thy Work292
IIIThou Shalt Back Up Thy Files292
IVThat Shalt Not Open or Delete Things Unknownst292
VThou Shalt Not Be a Sucker293
VIThou Shalt Use Antivirus Software, Yea Verily, and Keepeth It Up-to-Date293
VIIThou Shalt Upgrade Wisely293
VIIIThou Shalt Compute at a Proper Posture294
IXThou Shalt Keepeth Windows Up-to-Date294
XThou Shalt Properly Shut Down Windows295
Chapter 25Ten Battery-Saving Tips and Tricks297
Don't Drop the Battery, Get It Wet, Short It, Play Keep-Away with It, Open It, Burn It, or Throw It Away298
Reduce the Screen's Brightness298
Keep the Laptop Cool299
Keep Memory Empty299
Disable Wi-Fi and Bluetooth300
Change the Power Mode300
Understand That Batteries Drain Over Time!300
Deal with the Low-Battery Warning301
Remember the Battery Saver!301
Plug the Laptop into the Wall301
Chapter 26Ten Handy Laptop Accessories303
Laptop Bag or Travel Case304
External Storage304
Cooling Pad304
Laptop Stand305
Minivac305
USB Lamp305
Full-Size Keyboard and External Mouse306
Privacy Screen Filter306
ID Card or Return Service Sticker307
Theft-Prevention System307
Chapter 27Ten Things to Throw in Your Laptop Bag309
Power Cord and Brick310
Mouse or Digital Pen310
Screen Wipes and Cleaner310
Laptop Lock310
Removable Media311
Headphones311
Spare Batteries311
Office Supplies312
Cables, Cables, Cables312
Not the End of the List313
Chapter 28Ten Tips from a PC Guru315
Remember That You're in Charge315
Mind Who "Helps" You-316
Give Yourself Time to team316
Create Separate Accounts317
Mind What You Download317
Organize Your Files318
Don't Reinstall Windows318
Shun the Hype319
Keep on Learning319
Remember Not to Take This Computer Stuff Too Seriously320
Index321
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