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Indigenous ingenuity : a celebration of traditional North American knowledge

2023

Format:	Book
Author:	Havrelock, Deidre, author.
Title:	Indigenous ingenuity : a celebration of traditional North American knowledge / Deidre Havrelock and Edward Kay ; with illustrations by Kalila Fuller.
Edition:	First edition.
Publisher, Date:	New York : Christy Ottaviano Books, Little, Brown and Company, [2023]
Description:	256 pages : illustratons, maps ; 24 cm
Summary:	"A middle grade survey nonfiction work celebrating North American Indigenous knowledge and Native contributions to contemporary STEM"-- Provided by publisher.
Target Audience Note:	Ages 8-12 Little, Brown and Company
Subjects:	Ethnoscience -- North America -- Juvenile literature. Traditional ecological knowledge -- North America -- Juvenile literature. Indians of North America -- Social life and customs -- Juvenile literature.
Other Author:	Kay, Edward, author. Fuller, Kalila J., illustrator.
Notes:	Includes bibliographical references and index. Kirkus Review - Adult,031523 Booklist, 050123, p. 37 Publisher's Weekly,050823 School Library Journal, 060123, p. 93
Contents:	Sustainable land and management and ecology -- Transportation -- Communications technology --Agriculture and food technology -- Health sciences -- Textile technology, clothing, and fashion -- Architecture and civil engineering -- Hunting and combat technology -- Mathematics -- Arts, sports, and recreation -- Traditional ecological knowledge and our sustainable future.
LCCN:	2022057272
ISBN:	9780316413336 * 9780316413534
Other Number:	1350841184
System Availability:	4
# Local items:	1
Call Number:	E 500.89 Havrelo, D Indigeno
# Local items in:	1
# System items in:	4
Current Holds:	0

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Publishers Weekly Review

In this approachable work, Saddle Lake Cree Nation author Havrelock (Buffalo Wild!) and Kay (the Gross Science series) focus on "precontact North American Indigenous STEM. That is, the traditional knowledge that Indigenous people were already using before 1492." Via authoritative, meticulously researched prose, the creators detail Native peoples' significant strides in scientific pursuits. Outlining ongoing advancements and detailing informational STEM practices, chapters cover sustainable land management and ecology, communications technology, transportation, health sciences, architecture and civil engineering, and more. In a chapter highlighting agriculture and food technology, the authors note how, 9,000 years ago, Mesoamerican Indigenous farmers genetically engineered select grass seeds to create corn as it is known today. By connecting Indigenous peoples' overlooked endeavors to the concepts' modern-day counterparts--for example, coats made of animal intestines, which the Inuit called annuraaq, were eventually adopted by British colonizers, who called them anoraks--Havrelock and Kay showcase Native tribes' continual and enduring impact. Photographs, as well as interactive activities detailing recipes and science experiments, feature throughout, lending a hands-on approach to this clear and concise work. Back matter includes tribal territories, a glossary, a list of Indigenous science organizations, and more. Final art not seen by PW. Ages 8--12. Agent: Amy Tompkins, Transatlantic Literary. (May)

School Library Journal Review

Gr 5 Up--Havrelock (Saddle Lake Cree Nation) and Kay present an extraordinarily comprehensive history of Indigenous peoples of North America and their important contributions to the world of STEM. Throughout the eras, Indigenous peoples have positively added to the realms of ecology, transportation, communications, agriculture, textile technology, mathematics, and more. In North America, those identifying as Indigenous number 25 million, from over 1,000 nations, each with its own culture, language, oral traditions, and traditional knowledge. Written in a conversational tone with interesting prompts and important, little-known historical facts, this book will amaze readers and teachers as it demonstrates how pervasive and crucial the history of Indigenous people is. The title is accessible, with tie-ins students can relate to, such as the dogsled teams that brought anti-diphtheria serum to remote Alaska comparing to similar extreme efforts during the COVID-19 era. Black-and-white photos, both modern and historical, are peppered throughout, as are simple yet fun experiments and activities. Readers are called upon to reciprocate and focus on a sustainable future for their generation and those yet to come. The book contains an authors' note explaining their vision to celebrate North American Indigenous innovations in STEM, along with a glossary, bibliography, notes, and an index. VERDICT A completely unique and important narrative not to be missed; readers and teachers will come away with a new appreciation for the myriad contributions Indigenous people have made.--Michele Shaw

Booklist Review

When Europeans arrived in North America, they encountered cultures very different from their own and made racist assumptions that let them presume they had free reign over the land. Havrelock and Kay detail numerous innovations used by precontact Indigenous groups that were equal to (and in some cases superior to) European technology of the time. Following an introduction to Turtle Island, Indigenous worldviews, and traditional knowledge, individual chapters detail inventions in land management, transportation, communication, food technology, health sciences, textiles, architecture, hunting, mathematics, and the arts. A final chapter notes contemporary projects employing traditional ecological knowledge to create a sustainable future. Examples range from cultural burning (which ensures healthy ecosystems but was banned by the U.S. government) to coastal fish traps and weirs to brain surgery (successfully performed by Aztecs and Mayans). The authors describe these developments in the context of STEM and Western science; simple activities and process descriptions are also included along with some recipes. Black-andwhite art includes archival photos, drawings, inset captions, mechanical drawings, and illustrative charts. Lists of "Cultural Areas and Peoples Referenced," contemporary Indigenous science organizations, and source notes are appended. Engaging and informative, this will be welcomed by both STEM and social studies curricula to help to correct prevailing narratives about Indigenous technology.

Kirkus Review

A comprehensive unveiling of the "rich scientific legacy" of Indigenous Peoples. Havrelock (Saddle Lake Cree Nation) and Kay address misunderstandings about Indigenous Peoples and their ways of knowing. They reveal significant Indigenous contributions in the areas of ecology and sustainability, transportation, health sciences, mathematics, and more. Readers are called to action "to come together and build a mutually respectful and healthier future." A conversational tone invites readers to engage with this monumental collection and explore the forward thinking of numerous Indigenous nations, each credited for their ideas by name. Curious readers will learn facts unique to individual tribal groups while gaining knowledge of STEM/STEAM concepts such as friction, biochemistry, papermaking, musical instruments, and more. Each chapter highlights how Indigenous inventions have long-lasting legacies. For example, the authors explore how Indigenous designers created the continent's first metal fishhooks along with the precursors to anoraks and crampons, to name a few. Modern and historical photographs adorn the text seamlessly, enhancing the reading experience. An ancient counting system is hidden in plain sight throughout, which observant readers discover in a later chapter. Minibiographies of contemporary Indigenous role models shine in sidebars, including artists, scientists, and other innovators. Young readers will delight in simple science experiments sprinkled throughout. Final art not seen. An ambitious, appealing, and accessible work documenting and protecting valuable knowledge. (cultural areas and peoples referenced, glossary, Indigenous science organizations, bibliography, source notes, index) (Nonfiction. 9-16) Copyright (c) Kirkus Reviews, used with permission.

Summary

Celebrate Indigenous thinkers and inventions with this beautifully designed, award-winning interactive nonfiction book--perfect for fans of Braiding Sweetgrass .

Corn. Chocolate. Fishing hooks. Boats that float. Insulated double-walled construction. Recorded history and folklore. Life-saving disinfectant. Forest fire management. Our lives would be unrecognizable without these, and countless other, scientific discoveries and technological inventions from Indigenous North Americans. Spanning topics from transportation to civil engineering, hunting technologies, astronomy, brain surgery, architecture, and agriculture, Indigenous Ingenuity is a wide-ranging STEM offering that answers the call for Indigenous nonfiction by reappropriating hidden history. The book includes fun, simple activities and experiments that kids can do to better understand and enjoy the principles used by Indigenous inventors. Readers of all ages are invited to celebrate traditional North American Indigenous innovation, and to embrace the mindset of reciprocity, environmental responsibility, and the interconnectedness of all life.

★ "This book will amaze readers and teachers. Completely unique and important." --SLJ, starred review

★ "Engaging and informative." --Booklist, starred review" Essential for kids and adults. We need this book." --Candace Fleming, award-winning author of The Rise and Fall of Charles Lindbergh and The Family Romanov

NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY School Library Journal * Shelf Awareness * National Education Society * American Association of Geography * Canadian Children's Book Centre * Nerdy Book Club * NCTE Orbis Pictus Honor Awards * The Green Earth Book Award

Table of Contents

	A Note from the Authors	XIII
	Language Recognition	XV
	Introduction	1
	It's a Turtle!	1
	Traditional Knowledge and Technology-STEM	4
	All My Relations	4
	Elders, Knowledge Keepers, and Ways of Knowing	5
	Breaks in Knowledge and Technology	6
	Traditional Knowledge: Hiding in Plain Sight	8
	Traditional Knowledge: Just Plain Hiding	9
	Our Future Together	9
Chapter 1	Sustainable Land Management and Ecology	11
	Mending a Misconception	13
	Sustaining Ecosystems: Why Cultural Burning Is Beneficial	16
Chapter 2	Transportation	19
	Geography of Turtle Island	20
	Canoes	21
	What Makes Canoes Better Than Wooden Boats?	22
	Building a Birchbark Canoe	23
	Dogsleds	25
	Friction	27
	Lifesaving Emergency Vehicles	28
	Kayaks	28
	Umiaq	30
	Inuit Technology Takes Flight and Dives Deep	31
	Travois	32
	Bull Boats	33
	Activity: Whatever Floats Your (Bull) Boat!	34
	Toboggans	36
	Bending and Shaping Wood	36
Chapter 3	Communications Technology	38
	Wampum Belt	39
	Wampum Strings	41
	Recording History Today: The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Wampum Belt	41
	Tools Engineering History: The Pump Fire Drill	42
	Plains Indian Sign Language	43
	Activity: Learn Plains Indian Sign Language	44
	Books	47
	Making Paper the Mesoamerican Way	47
	Write This Down!	48
	Petroglyphs	48
	Hieroglyphs	49
	Pictograms	50
	Birchbark Scrolls	50
	The Winter Count	51
	Activity: Learn to Read a Pictographic Story	52
	Activity: Write Your Own Pictogram Language and Story	54
	Inuksuk	55
	Totem Poles	55
	Saanich Totem Pole Symbols	57
Chapter 4	Agriculture and Food Technology	58
	Corn	59
	Grow. Eat. Spread. Repeat	60
	Biochemistry Breakthrough!	60
	Popcorn	62
	Gum	62
	Why Can't You Find Chocolate-Covered Gum?	63
	Chinampas	64
	Building a Chinampa Step-by-Step	64
	Ingenious Irrigation	65
	Milpa	65
	A Well-Balanced Diet	65
	A Well-Balanced Ecosystem	66
	Seeds Survive	67
	Maple Syrup	67
	Birchbark Bowls and Buckets	67
	Cooking Without Electricity: Indigenous Thermodynamics	68
	A Great Source of Energy-and Water	68
	Maple Sugar Products	69
	The Tap Ceremony	69
	Tradition Meets Technology	70
	Chocolate	70
	Activity: Make Mexica Hot Chocolate	72
	Sacred Tobacco	73
	The Four Medicines	73
	What Is a Tobacco Offering?	74
	Bison Hunt Technology	75
	Attracting Bison: Dung Dos and Don'ts	75
	Nature's Fertilization	75
	Industrial-Scale Bison Traps	76
	Microbiology and Meat Preservation	77
	Storage	78
	Fish Capture Technology	78
	Fish Traps and Weirs	79
	Industrial-Scale Fish Traps	80
	Understanding K'ómoks Estuary Fish Traps	81
	Fishhooks	81
	The Halibut Hook	82
	The Perfect Catch: Sustainable Aquaculture	83
	Toggle Harpoon	84
	Float Technology	85
Chapter 5	Health Sciences	86
	Hygiene and Preventive Medicine	87
	"It's Organic": Traditional Indigenous Cleaning Products	89
	Nutrition Science	90
	Eating Off the Land	90
	Medicines	92
	Cough Medicine	92
	Datura	93
	Salicin	93
	Capsaicin	94
	Capsaicin Chemistry	94
	Scurvy Cure	95
	A Lifesaving Decoction	95
	Emergency Medicine	96
	Mesoamerican Operations	96
	Moldy Medicines	97
	Orthopedics	98
	The Physics of Healing	98
	Orrhopedic Casts	99
	Surgery	100
	Amputation	100
	Brain Surgery	101
	The Hidden History of Syringes	101
	Obstetrics	102
	Spores, Sores, and Disinfectant	103
	Spiritual Healing	103
	Shamanism and Rituals	103
	Let's Talk About It	106
	Dentistry	106
	Less Sugar	107
	More Water	107
	Human Teeth and Snail Shells: Chemical Cousins	107
	Salt Water: Nature's Mouthwash	108
	Activity: Make Your Own Antibacterial Mouthwash the Mayan Way	108
	"Open Wide!": Dental Hygiene on Turtle Island	109
	What's in Your Toothpaste?	110
Chapter 6	Textile Technology, Clothing, and Fashion	111
	From Animal Skin to Leather, and Fibers to Fabric: Pioneering Industrial Design	112
	Tanning	113
	Brains, Trees, and Urine	113
	Smoking	114
	Weaving	115
	Activity: Paper-Weaving Craft	116
	Sewing Tools	118
	Needles, Awls, Threads, and Knives	118
	Ulu	119
	Indigenous Fashion (and Function)	120
	Underwear	120
	Leggings, Moccasins, and Robes	121
	Beads and Ornaments	121
	Beading as Medicine	123
	Hair Extensions	124
	Mukluks	125
	Parkas and the Layered Look	125
	The Physics of Fur	126
	Snow Goggles	127
	The Optics of Sight and Sun Protection	127
	Snowshoes	129
	How to Build Snowshoes	129
	Crampons	130
	Babiche Bags	130
	Sandals	131
	Dyes: Sourcing and Staining Colors Across Turtle Island	132
	Seeing Red	134
	Cotton: Indigenous Clothing and a World-Famous Crop	134
	The Anatomy of Cotton	135
	Breeding Cotton After Colonial Contact	135
	The Power of Inertia: Spindle, Whorl, and Loom	135
	A Blanket of Dog Hair	136
	Products of the Loom: Aztec Clothing	136
Chapter 7	Architecture and Civil Engineering	137
	Adobe Apartment Buildings	137
	Historic Homes: Adobes of the Southwest	138
	Lasting Design	139
	Water Systems	140
	Olmec Aqueducts	140
	Four Miles of Irrigation	140
	Clean Drinking Water	141
	Drainage Systems	142
	Bridges	142
	Canals	143
	Earth Lodges	144
	Igloos	144
	Physics, Thermodynamics, and Dimensions	145
	Family Homes, Kennels, and Hunting Shelters	148
	Igloos Today	148
	Lighthouses	149
	The Geometry of Survival at Sea	149
	Pyramids	151
	Roads	152
	Seawalls	153
	Tipi	153
	Double-Wall Construction	155
	Legacy of the Tipi Today	155
	Wigwams	156
	Concrete Chemistry	157
	Passive Air-Conditioning	158
	Shade	159
	Water and Air	159
	Cold Storage	159
	Plumbing and Sanitation	160
	Wood Preservation	160
Chapter 8	Hunting and Combat Technology	162
	Atlatl	162
	Bow and Arrow	164
	Get to Know the Bows of Turtle Island	165
	Axes	166
	War Club	166
	Shields	167
	Bolas	168
	Blowguns	168
	How Blowguns Are Built	169
	Poisons	169
	Pick Your Poisons	170
	Warriors' Body Armor	170
	The Tlingit Warriors' Code	172
	Aztec Warrior Education	173
	Cotton Body Armor	174
	Aztec Warrior Clothing	175
	Aztec Shields	176
	Obsidian Sword	176
	Special Forces	177
Chapter 9	Mathematics	178
	Maya Mathematics	178
	Counting on Fingers (and Toes?)	179
	The Philosophy of Zero	179
	Maya Numeric Symbols	180
	Activity: Count and Calculate the Maya Way	181
	Indigenous People and the Space Program	182
	Aztec Arithmetic	183
	Geometry…for Taxes	183
	Activity: How Much Land Would the Aztec Tax? Do the Math!	184
	Answers: Count and Calculate the Maya Way	185
	Answers: How Much Land Would the Aztec Tax?	185
Chapter 10	Arts, Sports, and Recreation	186
	Wheels, Whistles, and Sculptures	186
	Wheels for Fun, Not Transportation	187
	Sculpting Jade	189
	Copper Culture	190
	Beyond Beauty: What Copper Crafts Teach Archaeology	190
	Lost Wax Casting	192
	Acid Etching	192
	Musical Instruments	193
	Indigenous Instruments…in Space!	193
	The History of Hoops and Rubber	194
	Toys and Amusement	195
	Spinning Tops	195
	Whoopee Cushion	196
Chapter 11	Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Our Sustainable Future	198
	Wildlife Conservation	199
	Ecocultural Restoration of Bison	199
	Bison and the Prairie Ecosystem	201
	Additional Wildlife Conservation Projects	202
	Landscape Stewardship	203
	Yurok Sustainable Forestry and Climate Change	203
	Seminole Everglades Restoration Initiative	204
	InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness Council	205
	Santa Clara Pueblo's Conservation Program	206
	Water: Our Relative	207
	Restoring Indigenous Foodways	208
	Forest Gardens	208
	Chinampa Restoration	211
	Ecological Degradation	213
	Land Guardians	214
	Help Wanted! Responsibilities of a Land Guardian	215
	Corporations Employing Indigenous Knowledge: De Beers at the Gahcho Kué Mine	215
	Epilogue	217
	Acknowledgments	221
	Map	224
	Cultural Areas and Peoples Referenced	225
	Glossary	229
	Indigenous Science Today: Contemporary Indigenous Science Organizations	241
	Selected Bibliography	243
	Source Notes	245
	Index	253

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